منابع مشابه
Toward reciprocity: host supervisor perspectives on international medical electives.
CONTEXT An increasing number of medical students are engaging in international medical electives, the majority of which involve travel from northern, higher-income countries to southern, lower-income countries. Existing research has identified benefits to students participating in these experiences. However, reports on the impacts on host communities are largely absent from the literature. OB...
متن کاملGroup Reciprocity Group Reciprocity
People exhibit group reciprocity when they retaliate, not against the person who harmed them, but against somebody else in that person's group. Group reciprocity may be a key motivation behind intergroup conflict. We investigated group reciprocity in a laboratory experiment. After a group identity manipulation, subjects played a Prisoner's Dilemma with others from different groups. Subjects the...
متن کاملUnderstanding Reciprocity∗
This paper surveys the evolutionary game theoretic literature on reciprocity in human interactions, dealing both with long-term relationships and with sporadic interactions. Four basic themes, repetition, commitment, assortation, and parochialism, appear repeatedly throughout the literature. Repetition can give rise to the evolution of behavior that exhibits reciprocity-like features but a vast...
متن کاملReciprocity Laws
Informal notes for a talk at UNCG on reciprocity laws (such as quadratic reciprocity and Shimura-Taniyama). This material is from Fearless Symmetry by Ash and Gross [1] and Galois Representations and Modular Forms by Ribet [2].
متن کاملDirect Reciprocity in Spatial Populations Enhances R-Reciprocity As Well As ST-Reciprocity
As is well-known, spatial reciprocity plays an important role in facilitating the emergence of cooperative traits, and the effect of direct reciprocity is also obvious for explaining the cooperation dynamics. However, how the combination of these two scenarios influences cooperation is still unclear. In the present work, we study the evolution of cooperation in 2 × 2 games via considering both ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association
سال: 1905
ISSN: 0098-7484
DOI: 10.1001/jama.1905.02510170053014